Final answer:
A significant portion of the ice field on Mt. Kilimanjaro has melted due to climate change, which corresponds to broader patterns of glacier retreat and ice loss globally.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question regarding Mt. Kilimanjaro's ice loss is A) A significant portion. Climate change has caused substantial melting of glaciers and ice fields around the world, and Mt. Kilimanjaro is no exception. Studies have shown that its ice fields have been retreating for a number of years, which is indicative of the effects of climate change. The ice on Kilimanjaro has decreased not only in area but also in volume.
Answering the additional question regarding the lake and glacier near the North Pole, the melted glacier sitting on land would cause a greater increase in the lake's water level. An iceberg already displaces water corresponding to its mass, so when it melts, it does not change the water level. In contrast, ice from a glacier that melts and flows into the lake adds volume to the lake, raising its water level.
These phenomena are consistent with the broader patterns of glacier retreat and ice loss noted in various parts of the world due to warming temperatures, such as the significant reduction in glacier size in Glacier National Park, Montana, and the decreasing ice mass in Greenland and the Arctic.