Final answer:
The learning concept that signifies optimal learning when reinforcement follows swiftly after training is Immediate feedback, tied to operant conditioning principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The learning concept that indicates people learn best if reinforcement is given as soon as possible after training is Immediate feedback. This concept is rooted in the principles of operant conditioning, a form of learning where a stimulus or experience occurs after the behavior, influencing the frequency of that behavior. Reinforcement is a critical component, which can be positive or negative, that increases the likelihood of a behavioral response. When we consider reinforcement schedules, continuous reinforcement, where behavior is reinforced every time it occurs, is particularly effective during the early stages of learning a new behavior. Immediate reinforcement helps the learner make a quicker and clearer association between the target behavior and the desirable outcome, which leads to more rapid learning.