Final answer:
A fatty acid deficiency in infants can result in dry and scaly skin, poor wound healing, increased risk of infections, and impaired growth, with severe undernutrition potentially leading to life-threatening conditions like marasmus and kwashiorkor.
Step-by-step explanation:
A deficiency of fatty acids in infants can lead to several health issues. Notable symptoms include dry and scaly skin, poor wound healing, an increased vulnerability to infections, and impaired growth. These conditions are a direct consequence of inadequate intake of essential fats that are crucial for the development and maintenance of healthy skin, immune function, and overall growth in infants and children.
In severe cases, a lack of sufficient calories and inadequate nutrition can lead to conditions such as marasmus and kwashiorkor. Marasmus is characterized by significant weight loss, thin and frail body appearance, dry and wrinkled skin, while kwashiorkor is identified by edema, weak muscles, and light, peeling skin. Both conditions can be life-threatening and require immediate medical intervention.