Final answer:
Edwards restricted church membership to those who made a profession of faith, highlighting the Puritan emphasis on a personal religious experience and the importance of education for understanding religious texts and practices. The correct option is (a)
Step-by-step explanation:
Edwards tried to restrict church membership to only those who made a profession of faith. This approach was indicative of the broader Puritan religion, which emphasized a personal religious experience that included a conversion narrative, a requisite for church membership. This was directly related to the Puritan's value on education; the ability to read and understand scripture was considered essential to their religious practice and thereby qualifying for church membership.
The concept of restricting church membership was tied closely to religious and social reforms of the time, particularly in New England during the 18th century. Edwards's intent was to ensure that the church comprised genuinely committed individuals. The emphasis on a profession of faith was likely a reaction to perceived laxness in adherence to rigorous religious standards, aiming to reinforce piety and devotion within the congregation.