Final answer:
Spinal nerves transport both sensory and motor information, and each nerve consists of sensory neurons that carry impulses towards the CNS, and motor neurons that carry impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands. The nerves link with the somatic or autonomic nervous systems.
Step-by-step explanation:
Spinal nerves are able to carry both sensory and motor information. They play a crucial role in facilitating communication between the spinal cord and the rest of the body. Each spinal nerve contains afferent sensory axons and efferent motor axons.
Sensory Neurons
Sensory neurons carry nerve impulses from tissues and organs towards the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the spinal cord and brain. These impulses are related to touch, proprioception, pain, and temperature, among others. The sensory neurons' cell bodies are located in the dorsal root ganglia.
Motor Neurons
Motor neurons transmit nerve impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands. These impulses control muscle movement and the function of glands. The cell bodies of motor neurons reside in the ventral gray matter of the spinal cord.
These spinal nerves can be associated with either the somatic or the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system typically controls voluntary movements, while the autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary functions.