Final answer:
The correct path of blood from the heart to the kidney and back is from the left ventricle, through the aorta, and into the renal arteries to the kidneys. After filtration, blood leaves the kidneys via the renal veins, enters the inferior vena cava, and returns to the right atrium.
Step-by-step explanation:
The path that blood takes from the heart to the kidney and back to the heart is as follows: blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the aorta, the body's main artery. From there, the renal arteries branch off the aorta and carry blood to the kidneys. Within the kidneys, the blood flows through nephrons where filtration and exchange occur. Once the blood has passed through the kidneys, it is carried back to the heart via the renal veins, which drain into the inferior vena cava, and then it enters the right atrium of the heart to complete the circuit.
The correct answer to the student's question is: c. Left ventricle, aorta, renal artery, kidney, renal vein, inferior vena cava, right atrium