Final answer:
Receptors involved in monitoring muscle tension and assisting with balance and muscle coordination are known as proprioceptors. They include muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs, which are essential for proprioception and effective motor control.
Step-by-step explanation:
Receptors that monitor the degree of muscle tension and provide input for balance and muscle coordination are called proprioceptors. These include muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs. Muscle spindles are stretch receptors that detect the amount of stretch or lengthening of muscles. Golgi tendon organs are tension receptors that detect the force of muscle contraction. Proprioceptors are essential for maintaining balance and posture, providing the nervous system with information regarding limb position and movement.
These receptors play a crucial role in supplying the brain and spinal cord with sensory feedback which is necessary for the cerebellum to coordinate muscle activity. Proprioceptive signals are vital for effective motor control and are involved in both conscious and unconscious movements. The correct answer from the given options is thus b) Proprioceptors.