Final answer:
The consequence of the global demographic transition from high to low rates of fertility and mortality is aging of the population. The correct answer is: c).
Step-by-step explanation:
A consequence of the global demographic transition from high to low rates of fertility and mortality is aging of the population. As mortality rates decrease, people live longer, and as fertility rates decrease, fewer children are being born. This leads to a shift in population demographics, with a larger proportion of older individuals in the population.
For example, in many developed nations, the average family size has decreased, and life expectancy has increased. This has resulted in an aging population, with a higher number of elderly individuals compared to younger individuals.