Final answer:
Immigration played a significant role in mitigating the pressures of rapid population growth during Europe's Industrial Revolution by allowing people to move to less populated areas. This period saw a decrease in death rates and an increase in population, followed eventually by a decrease in birth rates due to several socioeconomic factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Immigration can help relieve the pressure of rapid population growth, as it did for Europe between 1846 and 1935. During the Industrial Revolution, many technological advancements such as the invention of the steam engine facilitated urbanization, prompting a demographic shift from rural to urban areas. This was a transformative time when the death rates declined due to improvements in nutrition, sanitation, and public health. As a result, the population increased significantly.
The availability of resources was dramatically improved through innovations in agriculture, including mechanization, pest-resistant crops, and the exploitation of energy in fossil fuels. This increased the support capacity for larger human populations. Moreover, immigration provided an outlet for expanding populations, allowing people to migrate to less densely populated areas, easing the pressures in their home countries.
Eventually, in developed countries, birth rates began to decline as a consequence of better education, especially among women, increased urbanization, and shifts in family structure and economic factors.