Final answer:
The femoral angle, also known as the angle of inclination, is determined using the femoral head, neck, and shaft as landmarks. It is important for assessing the biomechanics of the hip joint and can indicate variations or abnormalities such as hip dysplasia, coxa vara, or coxa valga.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term "femoral angle" is often used interchangeably with the term "angle of inclination" of the femur. This angle is formed between the long axis of the femoral shaft and the femoral neck. To determine the femoral angle, the bony landmarks used include the femoral head, the femoral neck, and the shaft of the femur. The angle helps in assessing the biomechanics of the hip joint.
When a radiograph is taken, the angle of inclination can be measured and recorded. In normal adults, this angle typically measures around 125 degrees but can vary. In children, the angle is usually higher, and it decreases with age as the femur lengthens and remodels. Abnormal femoral angles can lead to hip dysplasia or coxa vara (decreased angle) and coxa valga (increased angle). These conditions can affect gait and mobility and may require medical intervention.