Final answer:
The annual effective dose limit for radiation exposure in an unrestricted area is 1 mSv. This is to prevent harmful effects of radiation on the general public, with higher limits set for radiation workers.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to radiation protection standards, the annual effective dose limit for radiation exposure in an unrestricted area is 1 mSv (millisievert). This dose limit is set to protect the general public from the harmful effects of radiation. In comparison, occupational exposure limits for radiation workers are higher due to their potential for controlled exposure and training in radiation safety protocols, typically ranging from 20 to 50 mSv per year depending on the country and specific regulations.
Doses exceeding 0.1 Sv (sievert) are considered high doses and can lead to immediate health effects, which is why the limit for the general public is kept much lower to minimize risks. Radiation protection measures such as shielding, distance, and time are employed to keep exposures as low as reasonably achievable.