Final answer:
A file identifier is a unique tag, generally a number, that identifies a file within the file system, different from user-chosen file names.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is a) File identifier. A file identifier is a digital tag, usually a unique number, that identifies the file within the file system.
Unlike the file name, which can be chosen by the user and might not be unique, the file identifier is assigned by the file system to uniquely distinguish each file.
This allows for efficient file management and retrieval, even if multiple files have the same name.