Final answer:
The PCI bus connects high-speed, high-bandwidth devices to the memory subsystem and CPU, serving as a high-speed interface between peripheral components and the processor.
Step-by-step explanation:
The component that connects high-speed, high-bandwidth devices to the memory subsystem and CPU is the PCI bus (Peripheral Component Interconnect bus). The PCI bus is a hardware bus designed to allow peripheral devices to communicate with the processor at a high speed. This is in contrast to options like an expansion bus, which typically refers to a more general set of connections between computer components, and the SCSI bus (Small Computer System Interface), which is primarily used for hard drives and tape drives rather than directly connecting to the CPU and memory subsystem.