Final answer:
Medieval scholasticism was characterized by its focus on joining faith with reason and the use of logical analysis to explore religious truths. St. Thomas Aquinas and universities played important roles in this intellectual movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Medieval scholasticism was characterized by its focus on joining faith with reason. It was a philosophical and intellectual movement that emerged during the High Middle Ages. Scholastic thinkers emphasized the study of ancient texts, logical analysis, and the use of reason to explore religious truths and reconcile them with ancient Greek philosophy.
One of the most important figures in medieval scholasticism was St. Thomas Aquinas, who sought to harmonize the teachings of Aristotle with Christian theology. He argued that reason and faith could coexist and complement each other, with reason serving as a tool to deepen understanding of religious doctrine.
Universities, such as the University of Paris and the University of Oxford, played a crucial role in medieval scholasticism. These institutions provided a space for scholars to engage in intellectual debate, exchange ideas, and develop new theories.