Final answer:
Thread synchronization is required because all threads of a process share the same address space, share the same global variables, and can share the same files.
Step-by-step explanation:
Thread synchronization is required because all threads of a process share the same address space, share the same global variables, and can share the same files.
When multiple threads share the same address space, they are accessing the same memory location. Without proper synchronization, simultaneous access to shared resources can lead to race conditions and inconsistent results. Similarly, when threads share global variables or files, it is necessary to synchronize their access to prevent conflicts and maintain data integrity.