Final answer:
Catatonia is classified as a negative symptom, representing a reduction or absence of movement and responsiveness, often associated with conditions like schizophrenia.
Step-by-step explanation:
Catatonia falls under the category of a negative symptom. It is a state characterized by lack of movement, speech, and responsiveness to the environment, which is often seen in severe psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia. Negative symptoms typically refer to a reduction or absence of normal behaviors and functions, while positive symptoms involve the addition of abnormal behaviors such as delusions or hallucinations.
Catatonia can also present with motor disturbances, which may lead some to incorrectly categorize it as a positive symptom. Cognitive symptoms impact thought processes, and affective symptoms influence mood and emotions. However, catatonia primarily reflects a significant reduction in volitional activity, making it a negative symptom.