Final answer:
The law codes in Western religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are known as the Torah, the teachings of the Bible, and Sharia, respectively. These codes not only provide spiritual guidance but also influence legal and social systems in societies where these religions dominate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The law codes in Western religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are foundational to their religious practices and societal laws. In Judaism, the religious law is known as the Torah, which includes the Ten Commandments and other laws. Christians follow the moral and ethical teachings of the Bible, with the Old Testament being shared with Judaism and the New Testament containing the teachings of Jesus Christ. For Muslims, the religious law is known as Sharia, which is derived from the Qur'an and the Hadith, providing guidance for virtually all aspects of life including criminal justice, family, and personal matters.
These religious statutes often form the moral compass and legal frameworks within societies where these faiths are predominant. For example, Islam's Sharia criminal code dictates capital punishment for certain crimes and has been integrated into the laws of some Islamic states. Furthermore, in history, Jews and Christians living under Muslim rule were classified as ahl al-kitab, or People of the Book, based on the recognition of their monotheistic faiths and possession of revealed scriptures; this classification affected their treatment and rights within the Islamic state.