Final answer:
The frontal bone is located above the sphenoid bone and contains the brain, making B) Frontal bone; brain the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure of the skull located above the sphenoid bone is the frontal bone. Within this structure, the brain is found. Therefore, the correct answer is B) Frontal bone; brain. The frontal bone forms the forehead and the roofs of the eye sockets, and it covers the frontal lobe of the brain. The cranial cavity that encloses the brain is formed by several bones, including the frontal bone. This cavity is essential for protecting the brain by enclosing it in a hard, bony structure. In contrast, the other options listed pertain to different parts of the skull: the occipital bone at the back of the skull hosts the foramen magnum and supports the cerebellum, the parietal bones form the superior and lateral sides of the skull, and the temporal bones contain the structures related to hearing, such as the auditory ossicles.