Final answer:
The glossopharyngeal nerve innervates the soft palate and goes through the jugular foramen. It is responsible for taste and salivation, among other functions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The glossopharyngeal nerve (nerve IX) innervates the soft palate. It goes through the jugular foramen, which is located on the base of the skull. The glossopharyngeal nerve is responsible for taste, salivation, and general sensation from the pharyngeal walls.