Final answer:
The hypersensitivity reaction with an immediate release of histamine and other mediators causing bronchoconstriction and edema is known as Type I hypersensitivity, which is IgE-mediated and involves mast cell degranulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of hypersensitivity reaction characterized by an immediate release of proinflammatory mediators such as histamine, leading to symptoms like bronchoconstriction, edema, and eosinophil recruitment is Type I hypersensitivity. This reaction is triggered by allergens which cause the binding of allergen-specific IgE to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the allergen, these IgE molecules trigger mast cell degranulation, leading to an immediate allergic reaction. Type I hypersensitivity is also responsible for other allergic reactions, such as hay fever, hives, and anaphylaxis.