Final answer:
Cytoplasmically derived peptides are typically presented to CD8+ T cells, which recognize them through MHC class I molecules. CD4+ T cells interact with MHC class II, which presents extracellular pathogens. The false statement about T cells is that MHC II is found on most body cells, whereas it is actually on antigen-presenting cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cytoplasmically derived peptides are typically presented by the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) and are recognized by CD8+ T cells, also known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). These CTLs play a crucial role in the immune response by directly killing infected cells. On the other hand, CD4+ T cells, also known as helper T cells, are generally associated with the recognition of peptides presented by MHC class II, which are derived from extracellular pathogens.
Regarding the provided options, a) CD4+ T cells interact with MHC II molecules present on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), b) CD8+ T cells recognize MHC I molecules on APCs, c) γδ T cells are a distinct subset of T cells with different antigen recognition properties, d) CD19+ B cells are not T cells but another type of lymphocyte involved in antibody production, and e) CD56+ NK cells, or natural killer cells, are part of the innate immune system and do not engage in the MHC-restricted antigen presentation that T cells do.
The false statement about T cells is d. MHC II is 'a receptor found on most body cells, while MHC I is a receptor found only on immune cells.' In reality, MHC II is primarily found on professional antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells, not 'most body cells', and MHC I is expressed on nearly all nucleated cells in the body, not 'only on immune cells'.