Question

How is lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria recognized and processed in the innate immune response?

a) LPS-binding protein binds LPS and delivers it to macrophage cell membranes where LPS receptors engage and lead to ingestion and activation.
b) Somatic receptors of B and T cells recognize LPS directly.
c) Cytokines recognize LPS and initiate an immune response.
d) Killer activation receptors on natural killer (NK) cells recognize LPS.

Answer 1

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria is recognized and processed in the innate immune response through the binding of LPS-binding protein (LBP) to macrophage cell membranes. This triggers the immune response and helps in the defense against infection.

Step-by-step explanation:

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria is recognized and processed in the innate immune response through the binding of LPS-binding protein (LBP). LBP binds to LPS and delivers it to macrophage cell membranes. LPS receptors on macrophages then engage with LPS, leading to its ingestion and activation. This process triggers the immune response and helps in the defense against infection.