Final answer:
Professionals must balance ethical principles with legal authority, considering the maximization of liberty, non-restriction of freedom, and minimization of harm. The precise resolution depends on individual judgment and the context of the situation.
Step-by-step explanation:
When ethical principles conflict with established laws, professionals find themselves in a challenging situation. To address this, one must evaluate the circumstances and consider principles such as maximizing the liberty and freedoms of all involved, ensuring not to restrict or deny the freedom and choice of anyone, and striving to minimize harms or the plight of the least well-off. Additionally, one should be careful not to make matters worse for those most disadvantaged. However, it is also crucial to respect legal authority, as it maintains societal order and the rule of law.
Both state and federal courts hear matters involving civil and criminal law. When dealing with a moral dilemma, like whether to protect a parent who has committed a theft or adhere to the truth and law, professionals must weigh their ethical obligations against legal ones. Situations where perfect duties conflict, such as the duty to never lie and the duty to avoid harm, require careful deliberation and a balanced approach to resolve. Philosophical perspectives, like those from Confucius or Plato, can provide insight but may lead to different conclusions. Ultimately, each professional must make a judgment based on their ethical framework, the specifics of the law, and the consequences of their actions.