Final answer:
Pervious rock types like sandstone and limestone are highly permeable and make good aquifers. In contrast, impermeable rock types such as shale prevent the flow of water due to their tightly packed fine particles and low interconnectivity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Permeability in geology refers to the capacity of a rock to transmit fluid through its pores and fractures. Pervious rocks, such as sandstone and limestone, have high permeability as they allow water to flow through easily. These types of rocks have interconnected spaces between their grains which act as channels for fluid movement, making them excellent materials for aquifers. On the other hand, impermeable rocks, like shale, do not allow water to pass through readily since the fine particles tightly pack together, with poor interconnectivity. Hence, shale acts as a confining layer that impedes the flow of groundwater.