Final answer:
Henri Matisse aimed to capture joy and vitality in his artworks, and is well-known for his use of vibrant colors and simple forms. His painting 'Bonheur de Vivre' is a prime example of his style, showcasing the emotional power of color.
Step-by-step explanation:
Henri Matisse was an influential French artist known for his use of vibrant colors and simple forms. Matisse pursued an artistic aim to express joyful emotions and vitality through his paintings, which is vividly demonstrated in works like Bonheur de Vivre (1905-06).
Despite the controversy that his and other "degenerate art" faced during the Nazi invasion of France, Matisse's work continued to captivate audiences, including the American chemist and art collector who amassed diverse paintings for the Barnes collection in Philadelphia. Matisse's works have often been compared with those of Picasso, another titan of modern art, showcasing the rivalry and mutual influence that pushed each artist to new creative heights.