213k views
3 votes
(periodic table) Electronegativity ___ top to bottom

Option 1: Increases
Option 2: Decreases
Option 3: Remains constant
Option 4: Varies unpredictably

User Kpblc
by
8.6k points

1 Answer

3 votes

Final answer:

Electronegativity decreases from top to bottom within a group on the periodic table due to increased atomic size, meaning Option 2: Decreases is the correct answer to the question.

Step-by-step explanation:

The electronegativity of an element is its tendency to attract electrons when it forms a compound. Within the periodic table, electronegativity values exhibit certain trends. Electronegativity commonly decreases from the top to bottom of a group on the periodic table. This decrease is attributed to the increase in atomic size as one moves down a group, which results in the outermost electrons being farther away from the nucleus and, therefore, less strongly attracted.

Conversely, electronegativity tends to increase from left to right across a period. This increase is due to the atomic size generally decreasing within a period as more protons are added to the nucleus, thus enhancing its ability to attract bonding electrons.

Therefore, in response to the question, the correct option is Option 2: Decreases. Electronegativity decreases from top to bottom within a group on the periodic table. For example, in the halogen group, fluorine has the highest electronegativity, and the value decreases as you go to chlorine, bromine, and iodine respectively.

User Ellene
by
8.8k points