Final answer:
The artistic and literary movement that praised nature, common folk, and historic times is romanticism, which arose in reaction to the rationality of neoclassicism and the industrial revolution. The correct answer is option A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The artistic and literary movement that glorified nature, common people, exotic places, and the historical past is known as romanticism. Romanticism originated in the late 18th century and emphasized strong emotions and individualism as well as glorified the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical.
This movement reacted against the industrial revolution and was in direct contrast to the earlier neoclassicism that valued rationality and order. The correct answer is option A.