Final answer:
The Democratic Party, particularly during Andrew Jackson's tenure, was the political force that championed the interests of the 'common man', welcomed immigrants, and benefited from broader white male suffrage in early American politics. They signified a move away from elitist policy-making and played a key role in the Age of the Common Man, using political organizations like the Tammany Society and the spoils system to widen their support base.
Step-by-step explanation:
The early American political party that most vocally championed the "common man," welcomed immigrants, and benefited from the expansion of voting rights to most white males was the Democrats. This phenomenon occurred during the Age of the Common Man, a period also recognized as the Age of Jackson. The Democratic Party, especially under the leadership of Andrew Jackson, espoused ideals that government should reflect the will of the majority and promote the interests of the common citizen. This was a critical divergence from previous policies that catered to elite interests.
After the decline of the Federalist Party, the extension of democracy in the 1820s enhanced the political power of white men, albeit disenfranchising women, free Black people, and Native Americans. The Democrats orchestrated a significant shift in U.S. politics by organizing and mobilizing voters, effectively utilizing the extension of suffrage to nearly all White men. Furthermore, they organized political power through the Tammany Society and other democratic structures such as the spoils system. These changes broadened the issues and coalition of the Democratic Party, which became an essential aspect of its endurance and success.