Final answer:
The science teacher is primarily using Differentiating instruction by giving students a choice in how to present their understanding of atoms, catering to their individual learning styles and needs.
Step-by-step explanation:
After an instructional unit on the atom, a science teacher giving students the option to present an oral report, make a video, or perform a skit to demonstrate their understanding is primarily employing Differentiating instruction. This teaching strategy involves tailoring instruction to meet the individual needs of students by offering a variety of learning activities and methods. It recognizes that students have diverse learning styles, abilities, and preferences. By providing options for how to demonstrate their learning, the teacher is enabling students to use their strengths and to engage with the material in the method that works best for them.
Differentiating instruction allows for the confirmation of core conceptual understanding, the eliciting of brief explanations that demonstrate student understanding, and the offering of more in-depth assignments that enable learners to dive more deeply into a topic or develop a skill. In short, it empowers students to take an active role in their learning process, catering to their individual learning preferences and promoting engagement.