Final answer:
The pancreas is the organ that supplies insulin and glucagon needed in cell metabolism. Alpha cells in the pancreas produce glucagon, while beta cells produce insulin. Glucagon raises blood glucose levels, while insulin lowers blood glucose levels. The correct option is A) Pancreas
Step-by-step explanation:
The organ that supplies insulin and glucagon needed in cell metabolism is the pancreas. The pancreatic islets, or islets of Langerhans, within the pancreas, contain two main types of cells:
- Alpha cells produce glucagon, which raises blood glucose levels.
- Beta cells produce insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels.
To regulate blood glucose levels, when blood glucose levels decline, the alpha cells release glucagon to increase glucose release by the liver. When blood glucose levels rise, the beta cells release insulin to increase glucose uptake by body cells and promote glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscles and the liver. The correct option is A) Pancreas