Final answer:
Hepatic Encephalopathy is the condition caused by the accumulation of neurotoxins due to liver dysfunction, affecting the CNS. It is distinct from neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis, which result from nervous tissue degeneration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The accumulation of neurotoxins normally detoxified by the liver, leading to manifestations in the central nervous system (CNS), is known as Hepatic Encephalopathy. This condition is a reversible neuropsychiatric abnormality associated with liver failure, which can be chronic as in cirrhosis, or acute.
Neurodegenerative disorders, on the other hand, include diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, where there is deterioration of nervous tissue leading to varying symptoms and disabilities.
In Parkinson's disease, for example, there is a loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra causing symptoms such as tremors, slowed movement, and rigidity. While neurodegenerative diseases have a broad impact on the nervous system, they do not result from liver failure and thus are not the conditions described by the question.
The totality of CNS manifestations due to the accumulation of neurotoxins normally detoxified by the liver is known as Hepatic encephalopathy.
Therefore answer is A. Hepatic encephalopathy.