Final answer:
Hepatic encephalopathy is the reversible neuropsychiatric condition associated with liver failure, which can be a consequence of chronic conditions like cirrhosis or acute liver damage. It involves a deterioration in brain function due to the liver's inability to remove toxins from the blood.
Step-by-step explanation:
The disorder of metabolism and excretion related to liver failure is Hepatic encephalopathy. This condition is a reversible neuropsychiatric abnormality that arises from liver failure, which can be either chronic, such as in cirrhosis cases, or acute. Factors contributing to chronic liver failure include excessive alcohol intake, viral hepatitis B or C, autoimmune disorders, and hereditary and metabolic causes like iron or copper overload and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Acute liver failure can develop hepatic encephalopathy rapidly with symptoms like confusion, stupor, and coma, alongside a decreased production of proteins. Various liver diseases, such as Budd-Chiari syndrome, Gilbert's syndrome, glycogen storage diseases, hemochromatosis, and liver cancer, can also impact the liver's metabolic and synthetic functions.
Disorders like Wilson's disease result from errors in metabolic processing and lead to diseases if critical proteins or enzymes malfunction. The liver's role in metabolism is critical, and when these processes are disrupted by liver diseases, jaundice and other systemic issues such as hepatic encephalopathy can occur.