Final answer:
An example of when a one-way ANOVA test can be used is in comparing the average gas mileage of several car models. The null hypothesis for a one-way ANOVA test with four groups would be that the means of all groups are equal. The alternative hypothesis for a one-way ANOVA test with three groups would be that the means of at least two groups are different.
Step-by-step explanation:
An example of when a one-way ANOVA test can be used is in comparing the average gas mileage of several car models. The null hypothesis for a one-way ANOVA test with four groups would be that the means of all groups are equal, represented as H: μ1 = μ2 = μ3 = μ4. The alternative hypothesis for a one-way ANOVA test with three groups would be that the means of at least two groups are different, represented as H: μ1 ≠ μ2 ≠ μ3.
An ANOVA test is used when comparing the means of three or more groups to determine if there is a statistically significant difference between them.