Final answer:
The major product of an E2 reaction contains a more stable double bond, which is influenced by factors such as substitution level and steric hindrance, leading to the conclusion that answer D) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major product from an E2 reaction is characterized by the formation of a more stable double bond. This stability often results from factors such as the level of substitution of the double bond, where more substituted alkenes are generally more stable due to hyperconjugation, and the presence of conjugating groups that can further stabilize the system. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is D) The major product in E2 reactions contains more stable double bonds.
In the process of an E2 reaction, the base abstracts a proton from the substrate while the leaving group departs, resulting in the formation of a double bond. E2 reactions synthesize alkenes from alkyl halides and the stability of the double bond is important because it influences the major product of the reaction. Factors such as steric hindrance, the strength of the base, and the structure of the substrate including whether it is methyl, primary, secondary, or tertiary, affect whether E2 or SN2 mechanisms are favored.