Final answer:
The passage discusses the philosophical idea that the pursuit of truth, informed by rigorous contemplation and reasoning, leads to a 'greatness of mind' and a dismissal of worldly fortunes. Influential philosophers such as Plato and Confucius considered obedience to just authority coupled with ethical practice essential for a virtuous life that transcends physical constraints.
Step-by-step explanation:
The passage in question reflects on the philosophical stance that a desire for truth is coupled with the virtue of obedience to a just and wise teacher or instructor. Such a coupling leads to a 'greatness of mind' and a dismissal of the material fortunes of life. In philosophical traditions like those of Plato and Socrates, the pursuit of actual knowledge—achieved through rigorous contemplation and reasoning—is distinguished from the empirical, often deceptive, nature of the senses. Plato's theory of Forms posits that true understanding comes from reasoning beyond mere sensory information to grasp the immutable essences of things.
In the context of Confucius, the ethical relationship between rulers and subjects points to a form of honorable obedience. This reflects an aspect of social philosophy where the moral behavior of leaders influences the goodness of their subjects without the need for violence or physical coercion. Altogether, these perspectives intensely value the pursuit of truth and wisdom, often through disciplined philosophical inquiry, and suggest that such an approach to life offers a form of liberty from the imperfections and constraints of human experiences.