Final answer:
The advised first step for a young couple with a family history of cystic fibrosis is to undergo genetic testing to determine carrier status. They should then seek genetic counseling to understand the implications of the results and discuss possible reproductive options.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a family is concerned about the risk of genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis, one of the most recommended steps to take before trying to conceive is genetic testing. In the case of cystic fibrosis, which has a known inheritance pattern, it is crucial to determine whether one or both partners are carriers of the disease-causing gene. This can be done via a simple blood test. The information obtained from these tests can help the couple understand their risks of having a child with cystic fibrosis, which can be as high as 25% if both parents are carriers.
To navigate these complex and often emotional decisions, a genetic counselor can be invaluable. They can provide education about potential tests and interpret the results, as well as discuss reproductive options including in-vitro fertilization, surrogacy, and adoption if the risk is deemed significant. They can also support the couple emotionally through the process of understanding and decision-making.
The first step for a couple with a family history of cystic fibrosis would be to opt for genetic testing to establish carrier status and then proceed with genetic counseling to understand the implications of the test results and explore their options.