Final answer:
The P-8 Poseidon has two shimmy dampers, with each damper located on one of the main landing gear struts to reduce oscillation during ground operations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The P-8 Poseidon aircraft, which is a military variant of the Boeing 737 used primarily for anti-submarine warfare, maritime patrol, and reconnaissance, employs shimmy dampers to mitigate the oscillatory movement of the aircraft's landing gears, particularly during takeoff and landing.
The correct answer to the question "How many and where are the shimmy dampers located on the P-8?" is A) Two shimmy dampers located on the main landing gear. Each of the main landing gear struts has one shimmy damper to help reduce the shimmying effect that can occur due to rapid side-to-side movements of the wheels during ground operations.