Final answer:
The 16th Amendment to the constitution introduced a federal income tax and aimed to reduce the wealth gap in society and compensate for the lost revenue caused by changing tariffs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The change to the constitution that was intended to lessen the wealth gap in society and make up for the lost revenue brought by the government for the changing tariff was the 16th Amendment. This amendment put into place a legalized federal income tax. Prior to this amendment, the federal government relied primarily on tariffs as their source of revenue, which pushed up the prices of goods and affected the working poor. The new federal income tax was a progressive tax, meaning that it placed a higher rate of taxation on those with high incomes than those with low incomes.