Final answer:
Objective data is observable and verifiable, such as test results, while subjective data is based on personal reports and interpretations, like descriptions of symptoms. Surveys can collect both types of data, with qualitative research often focusing on subjective insights and quantitative research on objective facts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Objective data refers to information that is observable, measurable, and verifiable by an independent observer. It is often thought of as fact-based and can include physical examination findings, vital signs, laboratory or test results, and statistics. These are concrete pieces of information without bias or interpretation.
In contrast, subjective data consists of information that is reported by the subject being observed, such as symptoms described by a patient. These are influenced by personal feelings, opinions, or interpretations. For example, a patient's description of pain level or mood would fall under this category. Subjective data is often qualitative and can vary from person to person. It is essential in understanding an individual's personal experiences and may lead to more in-depth insights when collected through open-ended questions.
Surveys and questionnaires are common tools for collecting both objective and subjective data. Qualitative research often aims to gather subjective data to explore topics in depth, while quantitative research may focus more on objective data to allow for statistical analysis. Knowing the difference between these types of data is critical for accurate data interpretation in research and practice.