Final answer:
R. Campbell Thompson was the first to publish The Epic of Gilgamesh in English, translating and compiling this seminal piece of ancient literature that explores essential aspects of human nature and condition.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first person to publish The Epic of Gilgamesh in English was R. Campbell Thompson, who, along with William Muse Arnold, translated and compiled this ancient Mesopotamian work. The Epic of Gilgamesh, considered the world's earliest work of literature, recounts the tale of a semi-divine king, Gilgamesh of Uruk, and his friend Enkidu as they embark on heroic quests, defying gods and embracing the essence of human experiences such as leadership, friendship, and the quest for immortality.
The relevance of The Epic of Gilgamesh extends beyond ancient literature to shed light on human nature and the human condition, highlighting the Mesopotamian civilization's advanced philosophical engagement. It remains a significant subject of study for its portrayal of early literary themes and the sophistication of narrative in ancient texts.