Final answer:
Erikson's Theory on Psychosocial Development consists of eight stages that span an individual's entire life. The first four stages involve learning positive and negative solutions to problems. Examples include autonomy versus shame and doubt, initiative versus guilt, industry versus inferiority, and identity versus role confusion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Erikson's Theory on Psychosocial Development consists of eight stages that span an individual's entire life. During the first four stages, infants and children go through the process of learning positive and negative solutions to their problems. The most accurate examples of these stages are:
- Autonomy versus shame and doubt: This stage occurs during early childhood when children strive to gain a sense of independence and control over their actions. They may experience positive feelings of autonomy when they successfully accomplish tasks, or negative feelings of shame and doubt when they are unable to do so.
- Initiative versus guilt: This stage occurs during the preschool years when children explore and initiate their own activities. Successful experiences during this stage lead to a sense of initiative, while feelings of guilt may arise from a lack of encouragement or excessive criticism.
- Industry versus inferiority: This stage occurs during middle childhood when children develop a sense of competence by mastering new skills and completing tasks. Positive experiences during this stage foster feelings of industry, while negative experiences may result in feelings of inferiority.
- Identity versus role confusion: This stage occurs during adolescence when individuals explore and solidify their identities. Successful resolution leads to a clear sense of self-identity, while confusion and uncertainty may arise if one fails to establish a stable identity.