Final answer:
The rise of the sporting life in the late nineteenth century caused skepticism towards religion and challenged religious beliefs. The printing press, particularly Martin Luther's printing of the 95 Theses, played a significant role in promoting social change and challenging the traditions and beliefs of the Church and European society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rise of sporting life in the late nineteenth century brought about skepticism towards religion. People were not ready to accept the skeptical views presented by sports. The printing press played a significant role in challenging religious beliefs and promoting social change. Martin Luther's printing of the 95 Theses, for example, led to the Protestant Reformation. This historical event revolutionized not only the Church but also had a profound impact on Western civilization. The dissemination of new ideas and the availability of new information challenged the longstanding traditions and beliefs of the Church and European society.