Final answer:
Gregor Mendel proposed the concept of dominant and recessive traits in genetics through his experiments with garden peas.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Genetics, Gregor Mendel conducted experiments with garden peas and proposed the concept of dominant and recessive traits. He found that crosses between true-breeding parents with different traits produced first-generation offspring that expressed the trait of one parent, which he called dominant. The non-expressed trait, or the recessive trait, appeared in the second generation offspring. Mendel's work formed the foundation for understanding inheritance and the basis for the P and G generation in genetics.