Final answer:
The valid types of public opinion are majority opinion, elite opinion, and issue publics, which are all encompassed under d. 'All of the above.'
Step-by-step explanation:
The question you have asked regards the types of public opinion, which is an important concept in the field of Social Studies. The correct answer to which of these is a type of public opinion is d. All of the above. The options listed, which are majority opinion, elite opinion, and issue publics, all represent different segments of public opinion. Majority opinion refers to the views held by the majority of people, elite opinion is the perspectives of individuals with a significant amount of social, economic, or political power, and issue publics are subsets of the population particularly interested in certain policy areas.
Similarly, when discussing elections in Britain, all the listed options are characteristic of the electoral process there. Britain is known for having snap elections, which are called at short notice, brief election periods, and non-fixed election dates, unlike many other democracies with fixed electoral cycles.