Final answer:
The answer to the student's question, implied through the discussion on agency resource allocation, is Long-term plans, which are also referred to as strategic plans.
Step-by-step explanation:
Long-term plans, referred to as strategic plans, prepare for the agency's mission by attempting to anticipate where the agency will be in the future and arranging and deploying its resources accordingly. These plans are essential for both government bodies and military sectors. Governments often focus on the long-term health and viability of the country, which aligns with the concept of strategic plans. In contrast, military bodies may create strategic plans with a focus on securing their control and gaining strategic superiority in the event of global conflicts or resource competitions.