Final answer:
To calculate the mass of magnesium chloride produced from hydrochloric acid, convert the mass of HCl to moles, use the molar ratio to find moles of MgCl₂, then convert moles of MgCl₂ to grams.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the mass of magnesium chloride that can be produced from 146g of hydrochloric acid, we need to use the balanced chemical equation and the concept of stoichiometry. From the equation: Mg(OH)₂ + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + 2H₂O
We can see that 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of MgCl₂. Therefore, we need to convert the mass of HCl to moles and then use the molar ratio to calculate the mass of MgCl₂ produced.
First, convert the mass of HCl to moles by dividing it by its molar mass:
(146g HCl) / (36.5g/mol HCl) = 4 moles of HCl
Since the molar ratio of HCl to MgCl₂ is 2:1, we can conclude that 4 moles of HCl will produce 2 moles of MgCl₂. Finally, we can convert moles of MgCl₂ to grams by multiplying it by its molar mass:
(2 moles MgCl₂) * (95.211g/mol MgCl₂) = 190.42g
Therefore, the mass of magnesium chloride that can be produced from 146g of hydrochloric acid is approximately 190.42g.