Final answer:
African American soldiers in the Union army faced discrimination, lower pay, and the danger of being enslaved or killed if captured but not high income taxes. The pay inequality was later rectified in 1864.
Step-by-step explanation:
During their service in the Union army, African Americans faced numerous challenges including discrimination, lower pay than white soldiers, and a higher risk of being enslaved or killed if captured. However, they did not face excessively high income taxes, which is the correct answer to the original question. Significant efforts were made by abolitionists and others to address the issue of unequal pay. In 1864, Black Union soldiers began to receive the same pay as their white counterparts, including retroactive pay back to 1863. Despite serving in segregated units and often being relegated to labor-intensive tasks, Black soldiers proved their valor in many battles, and some received the prestigious Medal of Honor.