Final answer:
The correct answer is option B) Activity Theory of Aging.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sociological approach to aging that emphasizes the importance of remaining physically active and socially involved to ease the transition into old age is the Activity Theory of Aging. This theory suggests that maintaining activities and finding replacements for lost statuses and roles are essential for individuals to enjoy and feel satisfied in their old age. It relates to the functionalist perspective of sociology, which looks at the roles of elders concerning the functioning of society as a whole.
According to the activity theory, the more active and socially involved an elderly person is, the happier they tend to be. This theory acknowledges that while engagement in activities is beneficial, there are disparities in access to social opportunities.