Final answer:
President George W. Bush's education reform plan was known as the No Child Left Behind Act, focusing on standardized testing, accountability, and federal funding eligibility based on performance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The education reform plan initiated by President George W. Bush was called the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). The act mandated that schools must meet certain educational standards to be eligible for federal funding. It aimed to increase accountability by requiring states to conduct standardized testing in reading and math, ensuring that students met prescribed academic goals. Schools failing to make adequate progress faced potential sanctions, such as a restructuring of curricula and staff, or in extreme cases, closure.
The NCLB sought to close the achievement gap between less privileged students and those attending more affluent schools by setting high standards and utilizing a system of testing to improve student performance. The act's intention was to ensure that every child received a quality education, regardless of their socio-economic status.