Final answer:
A Contractive population pyramid represents a Stage 5 demographic transition with very low birth and death rates, a longer life expectancy, and a shrinking population size.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of population pyramid that has a very low birth rate, low death rate, long life expectancy, and decreasing population size is called a Contractive population pyramid. This corresponds to Stage 5 of the demographic transition, which is characterized by a birth rate that has fallen even lower than the death rate, resulting in a negative population growth rate, and a top-heavy pyramid shape due to a larger aging population and a smaller base of younger people. Countries like Italy have been identified as being in this post-industrial stage where the population is declining in size.